LITHIUM POLYMER BATTERY TECHNOLOGY

Hyundai Sonata Hybrid

Im Blick:

Sie ist der erste Hybrid mit Lithium-Polymer-Batterie. Die 34-kW-Batterie ist leichter (weniger als 50 kg), bietet eine höhere Energiedichte und eine längere Lebensdauer. Nachteile wie die teurere Herstellung und das Temperatur-Management haben die Ingenieure nach 2,3 Mio. Testkilometern im Griff.

Bei Netcar:

5.3Ah, 270V  95.9pounds = 1.431KWh auf 50kg macht

2.862kWh auf 100kg 

normal ist 10kWh auf  100kg

 

http://www.netcarshow.com/hyundai/2011-sonata_hybrid/

Hybrid Blue Drive is made up of the following major components:

  • An efficient 30kW electric motor delivering 151 lb-ft of torque
  • A regenerative braking system
  • An integrated starter generator that enables the engine to turn off at stops and restart automatically under acceleration
  • A breakthrough lithium polymer battery package, with 5.3 Ah of capacity at 270 volts
  • A fuel-efficient Theta II 2.4-liter engine
  • 6-speed automatic transmission with an improved efficiency electric oil pump
  • Weight-efficient architecture coupled with a low drag coefficient (.25 Cd target)
  • Electric air conditioning compressor
  • Hybrid power control unit

LITHIUM POLYMER BATTERY TECHNOLOGY

Sonata's hybrid system stores its electrical charge in a 270V lithium polymer rechargeable battery (5.3Ah/270V) that surpasses existing nickel-metal hydride and pending lithium-ion applications. Lithium polymer batteries are more durable and space-efficient than other hybrid batteries. They are also more weight-efficient. The Hyundai Sonata Hybrid's battery pack weighs just 95.9 pounds versus the Camry Hybrid's 123.9 pounds. The compact battery pack resides in the forward portion of the trunk to maximize cargo space.

Lithium Polymer Batteries vs. Nickel-Metal Hydride Batteries

Compared with nickel-metal hydride batteries, lithium polymer batteries deliver the same power with 20-30 percent less weight, 40 percent less volume and 10 percent greater efficiency over the nickel-metal hydride batteries found in today's hybrids. Lithium polymer batteries offer 1.7 times more energy density than nickel-metal hydride batteries, allowing Hyundai engineers to devote less space and weight to the battery pack. Lithium polymer batteries hold their charge 1.25 times longer. Lithium polymer batteries also are more resistant to changes in temperature, which improves cycle life. Additionally, lithium polymer's self-discharge rate is less than a third of a nickel-metal hydride battery.

Lithium Polymer Batteries vs. Lithium-ion Batteries

Lithium-polymer has significant advantages over lithium-ion, including higher energy density and lower manufacturing costs. Lithium polymer is more resistant to physical damage and can handle more charge-discharge cycles before storage capacity begins to degrade. Lithium polymer technology also offers significant advantages in thermal robustness and safety.

A key difference between traditional lithium ion batteries and Hyundai's lithium polymer battery solution is the overall packaging of the cell - the anode, the cathode, the electrolyte, and the encasement material. Traditional lithium-ion batteries, like those found in laptops, use what's known as the 18650 cell format. In this format, each mass-produced cell is 18 mm. in diameter and 65 mm. tall, which is a bit larger than a "AA" battery. Each of these small metal cylinders is filled with a liquid electrolyte that facilitates the movement of lithium ions across anode and cathode, creating the battery current.

Traditional lithium-ion batteries are easy to handle, withstand mild internal pressures, and have been around in various forms since 1991. That means a manufacturing infrastructure is in place, and economies of scale are reasonably high. However, they do have several disadvantages. For example, their cylindrical shape reduces packaging efficiency and they are surprisingly complicated to manufacture since they have so many small parts. These small parts make them robust to thermal fluctuations and add significant cost and weight to the overall battery system. Cell-to-cell consistency also is extremely critical in a vehicle battery package, since the pack is only as robust as its weakest cell. Traditional lithium-ion batteries have considerable cell-to-cell variation, while Hyundai's lithium polymer batteries deliver outstanding cell-to-cell consistency.

Lithium polymer technology uses a completely different approach. Rather than using a liquid electrolyte, which requires a robust metal casing, lithium polymer batteries use a polymer gel as the electrolyte, which allows the use of a thinner and lighter aluminum-walled encasement, or pouch. Inside each lithium polymer cell, the cathode, separator, and anode are laminated together, enabling much simpler and more reliable manufacturing. This allows the battery pack to be about 20 percent smaller than a lithium-ion battery pack, making it much easier to change the cell footprint to fit the nooks and crannies of available vehicle space.

Hyundai and its battery supplier, LG Chem, have spent hundreds of hours testing the Hyundai Hybrid Blue Drive lithium polymer battery system. This testing has proven that Hyundai's lithium polymer technology has greater thermal and mechanical stability than existing systems, meaning better safety and performance.

Another key engineering challenge for Hyundai Hybrid Blue Drive has been assuring maintenance-free battery operation over the vehicle's life - at least 10 years, and 150,000 miles - in all weather conditions. Heat is the enemy of battery cycle life. Hyundai's thermal imaging testing shows how much cooler a lithium polymer battery is compared to today's nickel-metal hydride battery or a conventional lithium-ion battery. Consumers will notice these advantages in improved useful life and lower maintenance costs.

Lithium-Eisen-Phosphat Akku

Energy/weight 90-110 Wh/kg
Energy/size 220 Wh/L
Power/weight >3000 W/Kg
Energy/consumer-price $0.40 - $2.00 US$/Wh
Time durability >10 years
Cycle durability 2000 cycles
Nominal Cell Voltage 3.3 V

30kW Akku hat ein Gewicht von 300kg und ein Volumen von 140 Liter. Bei einem Verbrauch von 15kW pro 100km ergibt das eine Reichweite von 200km.

Masse: 100cm breit, 140cm lang und 10cm hoch.

Der Laderaum hinter der 3. Sitzbank eines Peugeot Boxers würde um 10cm niedriger, also 1.8 statt 1.9m hoch.

Preis: 15'000.00 (Stand 2009)

There are 2 huge differences between BYD Fe batteries and Tesla batteries:
Tesla: 50% remaining battery capacity after 50,000 miles. So you have to change batteries for $20,000 every 5 years.
BYD Fe: 80% remaining battery capacity after 360,000 miles. So you would never ever have a need at all to change Fe batteries. And the batteries cost less than $6,000. Even if Fe batteries got burnt in a crashed car, it would never explode: it can handle way above 1,500 degrees Celsius.
BYE Fe batteries are indeed way superior to Tesla's batteries, and they are the only viable solution to pure EVs for the big mass in the next 5 to 10 years - believe it or not.

 

Mehr zum Lithium-Eisen-Phosphat Akku:

http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium-Eisen-Phosphat-Akkumulator#cite_note-0